Wall



Aug. 19 1924. 7 1,505,257

' W. GRIFFITHS WALL Filed Aug. 29, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 7 fn/venfar ,3 E41 WQZTQ? nffiflw if) '7 Patented Aug. 19, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER GRIFFITHS, 9F CITY ISLAND, NEW YORK.

WALL.

Application filed August 29. 1923. Serial No. 659,952.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER Gmrrrrns, a citizen of the United States, formerly of Riverhead, State of New York, and now residing at City Island, in the city of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Walls, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a continuation in part of my application filed January 5th, 1923, Serial No. 610.885.

This invention relates more particularly to a wall adapted for steam-boiler furnaces,

and which will take care of the expansion and contraction of the wall under the action of heat and cold without any of the bricks of the wall movingappreciably or objectionably from their original position, which often occurs in furnace walls by reason of the excessive heat that such walls are subjected to, or the cooling off of the wall. Another object of the invention is to provide a furnace wall peculiarly adapted for the above mentioned purpose, the inner portion of the wall being especially constructed for pre-heating air to be supplied to the combustion chamber of the furnace and at the same time preventing the heat from damaging the wall, while the outer portion of the wall is especially constructed for being cooled by currents of air passing 1 therethrough.

These being among the general objects of the invention, the same consists of certain features of construction and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and then claimed with reference to the accompanying drawin s illustrating a desirable embodiment of the invention and in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a furnacewall, more particularly adapted for use in connection with steam-boiler furnaces;

Fig. 2 is an elevation, partly in section, of the preferred fire-brick wall, except that for the sake of clearness bond-brick are not illustrated;

Fig. 3 is a plan of the preferred form of fire-brick used in the wall;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation thereof;

Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of cover members or plates for the joints;

Fig, 7 is a perspective view of a firebrick used for partitions in the air spaces of the wall;

Fig. 8 is a section of a portion of the wall of Fig. 1, except that it is shown standing vertically;

Fig. 9 is a plan of a brick preferably used for the outer portion of a furnace wall;

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section of the outer portion of the fire-proof wall. to show passages for cooling air; and

Fig. 11 is a vertical section of the outer portion of wall of Fig. 10.

As the present invention is more specially adapted for the walls of the arches of steam boiler furnaces, it will be described more particularly with relation thereto. although the invention is not necessarily so restricted. A portion of a built-up furnace arch is shown in Fig. 1 and comprises an inner wall port-ion 24 of fire-brick and an outer wall portion 25. The outer wall 25 may be constructed of any suitable brick, ordinary or otherwise. except for the special construc-' tion which is preferably desirable, and between the outer wall 25 and the inner wall 24 are placed ordinary brick cemented together in any desirable way and forming an intermediate wall 26.

The furnace arch wall is built up from hollow fire-brick 39, as more fully shown in Figs 3 and 4. Fire-brick 39 is composed of an inner brick body 40, and an outer brick body 41, the bodies 40 being preferably considerahly thicker than the bodies 41, inasmuch as the bodies 40 are those which are used to make up the inner portion or surface of the furnace arch, and which are those subjected to the direct heat of the fire. Each fire-brick 39 also'has longitudinal and parallel connecting members 42 at the corners of the bodies 40 and 41, the parts being preferably made integral so that each brick constitutes a unit comprising the said parts. Each brick 39 is in this manner provided with side apertures 43 and end apertures 44, which lead into the space between the bodies 40 and 41.

Furthermore. each brick '39 is provided with a continuous longitudinal side and an end groove 45, and with a longitudinal side and an end rib 46. Each brick 39 also has at the four sides of its inner face chamfers 47. In Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively shown arch-facing members 48, 49 of fire-brick. the longer members being used for closing the horizontal joints in the arch, and the shorter members the vertical oints.

-As the furnace arch is built up course by course, a course of fire-brick such as 39 is first cemented, as by fire-clay, to the foundation, and fire-clay bonds, such as 50, connect the ends of the fire-bricks, the said first course of fire-bricks having preferably been laid so that their longitudinal ribs 46 will match end for end and also project up wardly. The next course of fire-brick, such as 39, is then laid on to a fire-clay bond 50 which covers the first course, the bricks of this course being presented with their longitudinal grooves 45 downwardly, so that the horizontal ribs 46 of the lower course will be received in the said grooves 45. In each course the bricks are so laid that the end ribs 46 will enter the end grooves 45. Course after course is then laid until the furnace arch is completed. The outer bodies 41 of the fire-bricks 39, having chamfers 47, Wlll,

when laid in courses, provide longitudinaland transverse grooves on the outer surface of the furnace arch 24.

Fire-clay bonds '50 are applied to the outer surface of the arch so as to enter the crisscross grooves therein, and to these surfaces are a plied facing members 48, 49, which are provided with ribs which enter the grooves formed by the chamfers 47 at the sides and ends of each brick. It will be noticed that the bricks or members composing the furnace arch are not in direct contact, or separated only by a very thin film of fire-clay, but are sufficiently separated by a medium thickness of fire-clay bonds, which, however, are not so thick as to prevent the ribs from at least partially enterin the grooves. When the furnace is in use t is construction of fire-bricks 39 and facing members 48, 49, by reason of the interlocking grooves and ribs, and the bonds, not only prevents the entrance of cold air through the furnace arch, but the construction produces a furnace arch which will expand under the action of the great heat without disturbing or dislocating any of its brick members, while proper contraction is provided for to the same end.

Before the course of fire-bricks 39 to form the furnace arch are finally laid, and at a time when their incorporation in the furnace arch may be readily facilitated, partition members 51 of fire-brick material are in? serted into and cemented rigidly in the air space which is formed within the furnace arch by the hollows of each fire-brick 39 and which extends along the running dimensions of the wall. The manner in which these running partition members 51 may be applied provides for the formation of flues or pasfiages within the fire-brick portion of the wa It will be observed from Figs. 1 and 8 that referably in every third course of firebrick, special bond-brick 40 are used, the inner ends of the brick being extended into the intermediate or filling wall 26 so as to be united therewith. The joints between the outer ends of the fire-brick 39 and the bondbrick 4O are preferably formed by means of filling pieces 48 of fire-brick, they being preferably of the cross-section shown so as to fit into transverse grooves of the bondbrick, and, in connection with fire-clay, to close the joints. It is clear that these filling pieces 48 correspond generally in function with the filling pieces 48.

In Figs. 10 and 11 the preferred construction of the outer portion 25 of the wall is illustrated. The outer wall 25 of the furnace is preferably, composed of bricks 104, as shown in detail in Fig. 9, and each brick is provided with a longitudinal air passage 107, and also with a groove 108 which extends along one face and across one end, while the other face and other end of the brick is provided with a rib 109. Preferably, the ribs and grooves are of V-shape instead of being rounded transversely as in the fire-brick of Figs. 3 and 4. When the courses of brick of the outer wall are laid with fire-clay bonds 110 the joints will act in similar manner to the bonded joints in the furnace arch, and there will be provided, at the sides and back of the furnace, passages which extend entirely there-around and which may admit air at their front ends. This allows of a circulation of air through thelouterwall 25, tending to keep the same coo It is obvious that this invention may be modified, as parts may be omitted, parts added, etc., without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What I claim as new is:

1. A wall, comprising fire-brick, each brick being composed of two brick-bodies which are spaced apart transversely of the length of the brick and connecting members in one piece therewith at the corners of the bodies and extending longitudinally of the length of the brick, one body of each brick having a rib extending along one side, and one rib and a groove along the other side and the other end, so that the ribs of each brick will fit into the grooves of adjoining bricks, and the spaces within the separate brick communicating to provide an air Spafie along the running dimensions of the wa 2. A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire-brick cemented together, each brick being composed of two brick,- bodies which are s aced apart transversely of the length of t e brick and are united together in one piece at the corners of the bodies to constitute a single brick, the spaces within the brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall.

A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire rick cemented together,

each brick being composed of two brickbodies which are spaced apart transversely of the length of the brick and are united together in one piece at the corners of the bodies to constitute a single brick, the inner bodies, which are subjected to direct heat, being thicker relatively to the thickness of the inner. wall-portion than are the outer bodies, and the spaces within the brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall.

4. A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire-brick cemented together, each brick being composed of two brickbodies which are spaced apart transversely of the length of the brick and are united together in one piece at the corners of the bodies to constitute a single brick, the spaces within the brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall, and an outer wall-portion bonded into the inner wall-portion and provided with air-cooled passages.

5. A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire-brick cemented together, each brick being composed of two brickbodies which are spaced apart transversely of the length of the brick and are united together in one piece at the corners of the bodies to constitute a single brick, the spaces within the brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall, and partition membersof fire-brick extending within the wall air-space between the corner connections of the bricks of a given course.

6. A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire-brick, including bondbrick, and having an air space therein extending the length and breadth-of the inner portion, an outer wall-portion of brick provided with air-cooled passages, and an inner filling of brick into which extend the bond-brick of the inner wall portion, whereby the inner wall-portion and the filling are intimately connected. 1

7. A wall, comprising an inner portion composed of fire-brick, including b,ondbrick, and having an air space therein extending the length and breadth of the inner portion, an outer wall-portion ofbrick provided with air-cooled passages, and an inner filling of brick into which extend the bond-brick of the inner wall-portion, whereby the inner wall-portion and the filling are intimately connected, the brick in both the inner wall-portion and the outer wallportion being provided with interlocking ribs and grooves.

8. A wall, comprising fire-brick, each brick being composed of two brick-bodies which are spaced apart transversely of the length of the brick and connecting members in one piece therewith at the corners of the bodies and extending longitudinally of the length of the brick, the spaces within the separate brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall, and each fire-brick having chamfer-grooves at each edge of its outer face, and facing members of fire-brick cemented in the chamfers of adjoining brick and closing the joints of the wall.

9. A wall, comprising fire-brick, each brick being com osed of two brick-bodies which are space apart transversely of the length of the brick and connecting members in one piece therewith at the corners of the bodies and extending longitudinally of the length of the brick, the spaces within the separate brick communicating to provide an air space along the running dimensions of the wall, and each fire-brick having chamfergrooves at each edge of its outer face and facing members of fire-brick cemented in the chamiers of adjoining brick and closing the joints of the wall; the specified structure forming an inner wall-portion, partition members of fire-brick cemented within the inner wall-portion air-space between the corner connecting members of the brick of a given row, an outer wall-portion of ordinary brick provided with longitudinal air-cooled passages extending through the courses of the brick, and an inner filling of brick, into which the brick are bonded, .whereby the inner and outer wall-portions are intimately connected.

10. A wall, comprising fire-brick having relatively large passages extending horizontally and transversely and forming .an air space extendin along the running dimensions of the wa l, and a rigid, running partition of fire-brick in the air space to form a plurality of heat circulating air spaces.

WALTER GRIFFITHS. 

